The water exerts an upward pressure force on the card (F=P.A). If the pressure force is larger than the brass weight, then the card is pressed upward against the tube, and the pig is safe.
Since hydro-static pressure is proportional to the depth of the fluid (P = hρg), the pressure force decreases as the tube is raised slowly towards the water surface. There will come a point where the pressure force is less than the brass weight, the card drops away from the tube, and the pig is doomed.
Let’s do a rough calculation. The mass of the brass weights is 300 g. The inner radius of the tube is 8.6 cm.
P.A = mg
hρg.πr2 = mg
h(1000).(3.14)(0.0432) = 0.300
h = 5.17 cm
By equating the weight to the upward…
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